Terlipressin

12.1 Mechanism of Action Terlipressin is a synthetic vasopressin analogue with twice the selectivity for vasopressin V 1 receptors versus V 2 receptors. Terlipressin acts as both a prodrug for lysine-vasopressin, as well as having pharmacologic activity on its own. Terlipressin is thought to increase renal blood flow in patients with hepatorenal syndrome by reducing portal hypertension and blood circulation in portal vessels and increasing effective arterial volume and mean arterial pressure (MAP).

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE TERLIVAZ is indicated to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome with rapid reduction in kidney function. TERLIVAZ is a vasopressin receptor agonist indicated to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome with rapid reduction in kidney function. ( 1 ) Limitation of Use Patients with a serum creatinine >5 mg/dL are unlikely to experience benefit. ( 1 ) Limitation of Use Patients with a serum creatinine > 5 mg/dL are unlikely to experience benefit.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Prior to initial dosing, assess patients for ACLF Grade 3 and obtain patient baseline oxygenation level. Monitor patient oxygen saturation with pulse oximetry. ( 2.1 ) Recommended Dosage Regimen: ( 2.2 ) Days 1 to 3 administer TERLIVAZ 0.85 mg (1 vial) intravenously every 6 hours. Day 4: Assess serum creatinine (SCr) versus baseline. If SCr has decreased by at least 30% from baseline, continue TERLIVAZ 0.85 mg (1 vial) intravenously every 6 hours. If SCr has decreased by less than 30% from baseline, dose may be increased to TERLIVAZ 1.7 mg (2 vials) intravenously every 6 hours. If SCr is at or above baseline value, discontinue TERLIVAZ. Continue TERLIVAZ until 24 hours after two consecutive SCr ≤1.5 mg/dL values at least 2 hours apart or a maximum of 14 days. See full prescribing information for instructions on preparation and administration ( 2.3 ). Flush IV line after administration. 2.1 Important Considerations Prior to Initiating and During Therapy Obtain baseline oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) prior to administering the first dose of TERLIVAZ. During treatment, monitor patient oxygen saturation using continuous pulse oximetry. Do not use TERLIVAZ treatment in patients experiencing hypoxia until hypoxia resolves [see Contraindications (4) , and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Assess Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Grade and volume status before initiating TERLIVAZ [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and References (15) ]. 2.2 Recommended Dosage Record last available serum creatinine (SCr) value prior to initiating treatment (baseline SCr). The recommended starting dosage is TERLIVAZ 0.85 mg every 6 hours by slow intravenous bolus injection (over 2 minutes) on Days 1 through 3. Adjust the dose on Day 4 based on changes from baseline SCr using the dosing chart (Figure 1). Figure 1: Dosing Chart a Baseline SCr is the last available serum creatinine before initiating treatment. Figure 1 2.3 Preparation and Administration Reconstitute each vial with 5 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection to prepare a 0.85 mg/5 mL solution. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Administer TERLIVAZ through a peripheral or central line. A dedicated central line is not required. Flush the line after TERLIVAZ administration. If not administered immediately, store TERLIVAZ at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) for up to 48 hours. Do not freeze. The reconstituted solution does not need protection from light.

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the labeling: Serious or Fatal Respiratory Failure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Ischemic Events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] The most common adverse reactions (≥10%) include abdominal pain, nausea, respiratory failure, diarrhea, and dyspnea. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact 1-800-844-2830 and www.Mallinckrodt.com or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, the adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of TERLIVAZ cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of TERLIVAZ was evaluated in the CONFIRM trial [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . The average daily dose of TERLIVAZ was 3.1 mg (range 0.8 to 5.8 mg), with a mean duration of exposure to TERLIVAZ of 6.2 days (range 1 to 15 days). Treatment discontinuation due to adverse events occurred in 12.0% (24/200) of patients receiving TERLIVAZ and 5.1% (5/99) of patients receiving placebo. The most common adverse reactions that led to TERLIVAZ discontinuation were respiratory failure, abdominal pain, and intestinal ischemia/obstruction. Table 1 lists adverse reactions that occurred more commonly on TERLIVAZ than on placebo, and in at least 4% of patients treated with TERLIVAZ in the CONFIRM trial. The most commonly observed adverse reactions in TERLIVAZ-treated patients (≥10%) were abdominal pain, nausea, respiratory failure, diarrhea, and dyspnea. Table 1: Adverse Reactions Reported by ≥4 % of TERLIVAZ-Treated Patients Patients, n (%) TERLIVAZ (N=200) Placebo (N=99) Abdominal pain 39 (19.5) 6 (6.1) Nausea 32 (16.0) 10 (10.1) Respiratory failure 31 (15.5) 7 (7.1) Diarrhea 26 (13.0) 7 (7.1) Dyspnea 25 (12.5) 5 (5.1) Fluid overload 17 (8.5) 3 (3.0) Pleural effusion 11 (5.5) 0 (0.0) Sepsis 11 (5.5) 1 (1.0) Bradycardia 10 (5.0) 0 (0.0) Ischemia-related events Ischemia-related events include: skin discoloration, cyanosis, ischemia and intestinal ischemia. 9 (4.5) 0 (0.0) 6.2 Postmarketing Experience Adverse reactions reported from the worldwide postmarketing experience with terlipressin include headache, hyponatremia, skin necrosis and gangrene. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to terlipressin exposure.