Dotatate

12.1 Mechanism of Action Lutetium Lu 177 dotatate binds to somatostatin receptors with highest affinity for subtype 2 somatostatin receptors (SSTR2). Upon binding to somatostatin receptor expressing cells, including malignant somatostatin receptor-positive tumors, the compound is internalized. The beta-minus emission from lutetium-177 induces cellular damage by formation of free radicals in somatostatin receptor-positive cells and in neighboring cells.

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE LUTATHERA is indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 12 years and older with somatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), including foregut, midgut, and hindgut neuroendocrine tumors. LUTATHERA is a radiolabeled somatostatin analog indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 12 years and older with somatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), including foregut, midgut, and hindgut neuroendocrine tumors.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Verify pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating LUTATHERA. ( 2.1 ) Administer 7.4 GBq (200 mCi) every 8 weeks (± 1 week) for a total of 4 doses. ( 2.2 ) Administer long-acting octreotide 30 mg intramuscularly 4 to 24 hours after each LUTATHERA dose and short-acting octreotide for symptomatic management. ( 2.3 ) Continue long-acting octreotide 30 mg intramuscularly every 4 weeks after completing LUTATHERA until disease progression or for 18 months following treatment initiation. ( 2.3 ) Administer antiemetics before recommended amino acid solution. ( 2.3 ) Initiate recommended intravenous amino acid solution 30 minutes before LUTATHERA infusion; continue during and for at least 3 hours after LUTATHERA infusion. Do not decrease dose of amino acid solution if LUTATHERA dose is reduced. ( 2.3 ) 2.1 Important Safety Instructions LUTATHERA is a radiopharmaceutical; handle with appropriate safety measures to minimize radiation exposure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Use waterproof gloves and effective radiation shielding when handling LUTATHERA. Radiopharmaceuticals, including LUTATHERA, should be used by or under the control of healthcare providers who are qualified by specific training and experience in the safe use and handling of radiopharmaceuticals, and whose experience and training have been approved by the appropriate governmental agency authorized to license the use of radiopharmaceuticals. Verify pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating LUTATHERA [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 , 8.3 )] . Monitor patients closely for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity reactions during and following the LUTATHERA administration for a minimum of 2 hours in a setting where cardiopulmonary resuscitation medication and equipment are available [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] . 2.2 Recommended Dosage The recommended LUTATHERA dosage for adult and pediatric patients 12 years and older is 7.4 GBq (200 mCi) every 8 weeks (± 1 week) for a total of 4 doses. Administer premedications and concomitant medications as recommended [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3 )] . 2.3 Premedications and Concomitant Medications Somatostatin Analogs Before initiating LUTATHERA treatment: Discontinue long-acting somatostatin analogs (e.g., long-acting octreotide) at least 4 weeks prior to initiating LUTATHERA. Administer short-acting octreotide as needed; discontinue at least 24 hours prior to initiating LUTATHERA [see Drug Interactions ( 7.1 )] . During LUTATHERA treatment: Administer long-acting octreotide 30 mg intramuscularly between 4 to 24 hours after each LUTATHERA dose. Do not administer long-acting octreotide within 4 weeks prior to each subsequent LUTATHERA dose. Short-acting octreotide may be given for symptomatic management during LUTATHERA treatment but must be withheld at least 24 hours before each LUTATHERA dose. Following LUTATHERA treatment: Continue long-acting octreotide 30 mg intramuscularly every 4 weeks after completing LUTATHERA until disease progression or for 18 months following treatment initiation at the discretion of the physician. Antiemetics Administer antiemetics before the recommended amino acid solution. Amino Acid Solution Initiate an intravenous infusion of a sterile amino acid solution containing L-lysine and L-arginine (Table 1) 30 minutes before the start of the LUTATHERA infusion. Use a three-way valve to administer the amino acid solution using the same venous access as LUTATHERA or administer the amino acid solution through a separate venous access in the patient’s other arm. Continue the amino acid solution infusion during and for at least 3 hours after completion of the LUTATHERA infusion. Do not decrease the dose of the amino acid solution if a reduced dose of LUTATHERA is administered [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] . Table 1. Amino Acid Solution Item Specification a equivalent to 14.4 to 20 g L-lysine. b equivalent to 14.9 to 20.7 g L-arginine. L-lysine HCl Between 18 and 25 g a L-arginine HCl Between 18 and 25 g b Volume 1 to 2 L Osmolality < 1200 mOsmol/kg Hypersensitivity Prophylaxis Premedicate patients who have had prior Grade 1 or 2 hypersensitivity reactions to LUTATHERA. Do not re-challenge patients who experience Grade 3 or 4 hypersensitivity reactions to LUTATHERA [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] . 2.4 Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions Recommended dose modifications of LUTATHERA for adverse reactions are provided in Table 2. Table 2. Recommended Dosage Modifications of LUTATHERA for Adverse Reactions a Grading of severity is defined in the most current Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). b Including allergic reaction and anaphylaxis. c No dose modification required for hematological toxicities Grade 3 or Grade 4 solely due to lymphopenia. Adverse reaction Severity of adverse reaction a Dose modification Thrombocytopenia [see Warnings

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Secondary Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Leukemia [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Renal Toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Hepatotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] Neuroendocrine Hormonal Crisis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] Most common Grade 3-4 adverse reactions (≥ 4% with a higher incidence in LUTATHERA arm) are lymphopenia, increased GGT, vomiting, nausea, increased AST, increased ALT, hyperglycemia and hypokalemia. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation at 1-888-669-6682 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The data in WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS reflect exposure to LUTATHERA in 111 patients with advanced, progressive midgut neuroendocrine tumors (NETTER-1). Safety data in WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS were also obtained in an additional 22 patients in a non-randomized pharmacokinetic sub-study of NETTER-1 and in a subset of patients (811 of 1214) with advanced somatostatin receptor-positive tumors enrolled in ERASMUS [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )] . Adult Population NETTER-1 The safety data of LUTATHERA with octreotide was evaluated in NETTER-1 [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )] . Patients with progressive, somatostatin receptor-positive midgut carcinoid tumors received LUTATHERA 7.4 GBq (200 mCi) administered every 8 to 16 weeks concurrently with the recommended amino acid solution and with long-acting octreotide (30 mg administered by intramuscular injection within 24 hours of each LUTATHERA dose) (N = 111), or high-dose octreotide (defined as long-acting octreotide 60 mg by intramuscular injection every 4 weeks) (N = 112) [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )] . Among patients receiving LUTATHERA with octreotide, 79% received a cumulative dose > 22.2 GBq (> 600 mCi) and 76% of patients received all four planned doses. Six percent (6%) of patients required a dose reduction and 13% of patients discontinued LUTATHERA. Five patients discontinued LUTATHERA for renal-related events and 4 discontinued for hematological toxicities. Table 5 and Table 6 summarize the incidence of adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively. The most common Grade 3-4 adverse reactions occurring with a greater frequency among patients receiving LUTATHERA with octreotide compared to patients receiving high-dose octreotide include: lymphopenia (44%), increased gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (20%), vomiting (7%), nausea and increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (5% each), and increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hyperglycemia and hypokalemia (4% each). Table 5. Adverse Reactions Occurring at Higher Incidence in Patients Receiving LUTATHERA with Long-Acting Octreotide Compared to High-Dose Long-Acting Octreotide (Between Arm Difference of ≥ 5% All Grades or ≥ 2% Grades 3-4) a a National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.03. Only displays adverse reactions occurring at a higher incidence in LUTATHERA-treated patients [between arm difference of ≥ 5% (all Grades) or ≥ 2% (Grades 3-4)]. b Includes the terms: Glomerular filtration rate decreased, acute kidney injury, acute prerenal failure, azotemia, renal disorder, renal failure, renal impairment. c Includes the terms: Dysuria, micturition urgency, nocturia, pollakiuria, renal colic, renal pain, urinary tract pain and urinary incontinence. Adverse reaction a LUTATHERA with long-acting Octreotide (30 mg) (N = 111) Long-acting Octreotide (60 mg) (N = 112) All Grades % Grades 3-4 % All Grades % Grades 3-4 % Gastrointestinal disorders Nausea 65 5 12 2 Vomiting 53 7 10 0 Abdominal pain 26 3 19 3 Diarrhea 26 3 18 1 Constipation 10 0 5 0 General disorders Fatigue 38 1 26 2 Peripheral edema 16 0 9 1 Pyrexia 8 0 3 0 Metabolism and nutrition disorders Decreased appetite 21 0 11 3 Nervous system disorders Headache 17 0 5 0 Dizziness 17 0 8 0 Dysgeusia 8 0 2 0 Vascular disorders Flushing 14 1 9 0 Hypertension 12 2 7 2 Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Back pain 13 2 10 0 Pain in extremity 11 0 5 0 Myalgia 5 0 0 0 Neck pain 5 0 0 0 Renal and urinary disorders Renal failure b 13 3 4 1 Radiation-related urinary tract adverse reactions c 8 0 3 0 Psychiatric disorders Anxiety 12 1 5 0 Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders Alopecia 12 0 2 0 Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Cough 11 1 6 0 Cardiac disorders Atrial fibrillation 5 1 0 0 Table 6. Laboratory Abnormalities Occurring at Hig

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Somatostatin Analogs : Discontinue long-acting analogs at least 4 weeks and short-acting octreotide at least 24 hours prior to each LUTATHERA dose. ( 2.3 , 7.1 ) 7.1 Somatostatin Analogs Somatostatin and its analogs competitively bind to somatostatin receptors and may interfere with the efficacy of LUTATHERA. Discontinue long-acting somatostatin analogs at least 4 weeks and short-acting octreotide at least 24 hours prior to each LUTATHERA dose. Administer short- and long-acting octreotide during LUTATHERA treatment as recommended [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3 )] . 7.2 Glucocorticoids Glucocorticoids can induce down-regulation of subtype 2 somatostatin receptors (SSTR2). Avoid repeated administration of high doses of glucocorticoids during treatment with LUTATHERA.